The UAE to Launch Digital Dirham by the End of 2025

Contract Law Design Contract Russia

Liability for Defects Identified During the Project Implementation Stage

When defects are identified during the project implementation stage, the key issue becomes determining who is responsible for them. Unlike everyday disputes, where identifying the responsible party is simpler, construction projects involve several participants, each responsible for their own scope of work.

The designer is responsible for the accuracy of the design documentation. Even if the documentation has undergone expert review and received a positive conclusion, this does not exempt the designer from subsequent liability. If errors in calculations, inconsistencies in drawings, or violations of technical regulations are discovered during construction, the designer must revise the documentation and compensate the customer for damages.

Corporate Law Private International Law Business registration Opening a company Russia

Registration of a Foreign Company in Russia and Choice of Tax Regime

A foreign company has decided to enter the Russian market — where to start?

Dozens of business support mechanisms operate in Russia. Corporate income tax incentives, exemption from corporate property tax, government support programs, special conditions for residents of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) (Free Economic Zones (FEZs)) and Territories of Advanced Socio-Economic Development (TASEDs) — all this allows foreign companies to build flexible and effective business models.

What forms of presence are available, what tax regimes can be chosen, and how to enter the Russian market systematically and with a perspective for growth.

Tax Law International taxation Tax audits Corporate compliance Criminal liability Russia

Russian Tax Liabilities, Audit Risks, and Criminal Exposure for Foreign-Owned Companies and Directors

Foreign corporations, international investors, and non-resident executives operating subsidiaries or commercial branches in the Russian Federation face heightened scrutiny from the Federal Tax Service (FTS) and enforcement authorities. Russia’s tax administration relies on automated digital monitoring systems—including cross-border transaction tracking and unified tax accounting—making compliance failures costly. Unpaid tax liabilities exceeding RUB 18.75 million trigger mandatory criminal referrals under Article 199 of the Russian Criminal Code, exposing company executives and beneficial owners to personal liability, asset freezing, and criminal prosecution.